Variation of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Surface Water, Sediment and Fish from a Tidal Creek in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Аннотация
Surface water, sediment and fish samples from a tidal creek (Okpoka) in the Niger Delta were analysed for Persistent Organic Pollutant (POPs - dieldrin and endrin). Samples were collected on a monthly basis for six months at three different locations on the creek. Water samples were extracted using separatory funnel extraction method while sediment and fish samples were extracted using sonication extraction method, the extracts were analysed using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer system. The three strata of samples examined indicated dieldrin and endrin were present in Okpoka Creek. The level of POPs were generally higher in sediment. The concentrations of dieldrin in water, sediment and fish ranged from 0.00001µg/l - 0.01µg/l, 0.00001µg/g - 0.06µg/g and 0.00009µg/g - 0.02µg/g while those of endrin ranged from 0.00001µg/l - 0.02µg/l, 0.00005µg/g - 103µg/g and 0.00005µg/g - 16.0µg/g respectively. POP concentration was observed to be higher during the rainy season than the dry season due to more run-off water into the creek during the rainy season. POP levels in surface water were generally within permissible limits of FEPA, WHO and EPA. Correlation and regression coefficients showed significant (p<0.05) relationships between environmental media compared. Bioaccumulation analysis also indicated that dieldrin accumulated more than endrin in fish tissue examined
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