Comparative Studies on the Ecology, Proximate Composition and Fungal Flora of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) and Raffia Palm (Raffia hookeri) Wine in Rivers State, Nigeria
Аннотация
Studies on the ecology of Oil Palm (Elaeisguineensis) and Raffia Palm (Raffiahookeri), the proximate composition and fungal flora of wine from the two plants were carried out in the Plant Pathology and Food Science Laboratories in the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Oil
Palms and Raffia Palms were surveyed from the 23 Local Government Areas of Rivers State to determine their ecological requirements while sap from both the oil palm and raffia palm commonly referred to as palm wine was collected from local tappers and used for the studies. It was observed that Oil palm requires dry soil for maximum performance while raffia palm requires a swampy or water logged soil for maximum performance. Oil palm requires much sunlight especially for fruit ripening while raffia palm prefers shady places and can perform very well with minimum sunlight. Some raffia palms that are grown on land require humus soils that are often wet and survive well when planted under plants such as plantains and bananas that provide adequate shade for them at their early growth season. Oil palm on the other hand does well under a range of soils without preference for any soil type. It was also observed that there was a great variation in some of the parameters estimated such as the proximate, mineral, vitamin and enzyme assay of the fresh wine from oil palm and raffia palm. Fungi were also isolated from the wine samples using the direct or pour plate method and identified based on their spore morphology, nature of mycelia and spore colours. Studies on the fungal flora of the wine from oil palm and that of raffia palm showed that the fungal flora were the same comprising Cryptococcus neoformans, T. rubrum and Aspergillusflavus with the exception of Aspergillustamari that was not found in oil palm wine.
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