Design Process of Fed-Batch Anaerobic Bioreactor for the Treatment of Petroleum Sludge
Abstract
The disposal of untreated petroleum sludge causes environmental and health hazards because of disease pathogens present in the untreated petroleum sludge. The treatment of petroleum sludge destroys the disease pathogens to enable an industry meet environmental protection agency regulations for petroleum sludge disposal. Moreover, the treatment of petroleum sludge in bioreactors yield the environmentally friendly and renewable energy source, biogas a substitute for natural gas and biosolids a substitute for petrochemical based fertilizer. Under microbial substrate limiting mesophilic anerobic digestion, a fed-batch bioreactor was designed using kinetic model developed from Monods kinetics. The dimensions of the bioreactor were obtained by substituting experimental and kinetic data into the design equations. This gave a bioreactor volume of 183.50m3. A purchased equipment cost of £148,906.4103 gave an optimum bioreactor diameter of 3.83 metres and bioreactor height of 15.93 metres. For 5000kg per day of petroleum sludge plant capacity, total cost N874, 852, 549.10, economic analysis gave 2 years, 41days payback period and 47.3% rate of return on investment. This shows that a bioreactor anaerobic digestion process plant if well managed could be very viable in Nigeria. With the bioreactor design provided, Nigerian industries and environmental agencies could construct and install bioreactors to enhance the treatment of their sludge at affordable cost and in such a way that suit their needs.
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