Crude oil biodegradation by two species of Bacillus isolated from Ogbainbiri Oilfield at Apoi Creek, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract
Nigeria is a major producer and exporter of crude oil. But the sector is challenged by illegal bunkering, sabotage and artisanal refining activities, which has become the leading cause of oil spill. In this study, two bacterial species, Bacillus macauensis (recently renamed Fictibacillus macauensis) and Bacillus altitudinis that was isolated from an illegal bunkering induced oil spill site along a pipeline route at Ogbainbiri Oilfield in Apoi Creek, were used to carry out laboratory biodegradation study of Brass Blend crude oil in shake flask. It was observed that the population of the bacteria species increased over time, which coincided with decrease in ETPH (Extractable Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) concentration. Over the 35-day experimental period, the percentage degradation of the crude oil was 88.5%, 83.04% and 92.75% for Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus altitudinis and their mixed culture compared to the uninoculated control, which was 0.08%. The enhanced degradation by the mixed culture indicated a synergistic effect. It can therefore be concluded that these bacteria species can be deployed for the bioremediation of oil spill sites at Apoi Creek and environs
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