Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Wetland Sediments Exposed to Crude Oil in Andoni, Rivers State
Abstract
Wetland sediments that have not been previously characterized were sampled from nine crude oil contaminated sites and three (control) sites in Andoni local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Parameters such as pH, particle size distribution, soil nutrients (N,P,K, organic carbon, organic matter) and heavy metals were analysed. The aim of the study was to investigate the concentrations of the nutrients and heavy metals impact of crude oil spills on the wetlands of Andoni local government area, Rivers State, Nigeria. The results obtained indicated that crude oil contaminated sediments were less acidic than the sediment from the control sites. The result indicated the textural class as loamy sand soil. Mean particle-size data indicates that control and polluted sites are similar. Mean soil nutrients concentrations in polluted sites for N, P and K were 35.43mg/kg, 6.50mg/kg and 8.39mg/kg respectively. No significant differences were observed in means of N, P and K for control, and contaminated sites. There were significant differences in the TOC, TOM, of control and crude oil contaminated wetland sediments. There was no appreciable variation in the concentrations of most of the metals in the control sites and contaminated sites. However Crude oil sediment indicated increase in the concentration of iron and manganese by about 100 %. The destruction of indigenous mangrove vegetation may not have been caused by changes in sediment nutrient status but other mechanisms like sealing of pore in marine plants for respiration by crude oil.
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