Effect of Spoilage Moulds on the Nutrient Composition of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit)
Abstract
Research on the effect of spoilage moulds on the nutrient composition of Artocarpus heterophyllus was conducted in the Departments of Plant Science and Biotechnology and Food Science and Technology at Rivers State University. Fungal isolates from diseased seeds of A. heterophyllus were inoculated into healthy, mature seeds and incubated at room temperature for seven days. After incubation, the samples were re-analyzed to assess the effect of the fungal pathogens on the nutrient quality of the seeds, using uninoculated seeds as the control. It was observed that the combined fungi treatment had the highest moisture content (45 ± 0). Mucor recorded the highest carbohydrate content (53.4 ± 0), while the combined fungi treatment had the lowest (30.3 ± 0.1). Protein content was highest in seeds inoculated with Aspergillus flavus (19.4 ± 0.1) and lowest in those with Mucor (10.2 ± 0.1). The fungal isolates also affected the mineral composition of the seeds in varying degrees. Iron content was highest in both the combined fungi treatment and Aspergillus flavus (4.9 ± 0). Potassium content was highest in the combined fungi treatment (16 ± 0) and lowest in the control (2 ± 0). Vitamin composition results showed a significant increase in vitamin A content for all fungal treatments: combined fungi (30 ± 0), Aspergillus flavus (50 ± 0), Aspergillus niger (40 ± 0), Rhizopus orizae (40 ± 0), and Mucor (50 ± 0), compared to the control (2.0 ± 0). Thiamine content decreased across all treatments, ranging from 0.18 ± 0 to 0.5 ± 0, while the control had 1.8 ± 0. Notably, vitamin C—absent in the control—was detected in seeds inoculated with the fungal isolates.
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